قوانين السؤال الثاني
Mesh: n * (n-1) / 2
Ring: n
Bus: n - 1 )
Star: n
السؤال الثالث
Let us discuss two principles of protocol layering.
The first principle dictates that if we want bidirectional communication, we need to make each layer so that it is able to perform two opposite tasks, one in each direction. E.g The second layer needs to be able to encrypt and decrypt. The first layer needs to send and receive mail.
The second principle that we need to follow in protocol layering is that the two objects under each layer at both sites should be identical. E.g. For example, the object under layer 3 at both sites should be a plaintext letter.
assign 1
العرض العادي
