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Q1. Compare betwen LAN, MAN and WAN?
MAN: Metropolitan Area Network when a wide area network optimized a specific geographical area, it is referred to as a metropolitan area network (MAN).
LAN: Local area networks (LANs) connect computers and other information processing devices within a limited physical area, such as an office, classroom, building, manufacturing plant, or other work site.
WAN: Wide Area Networks telecommunications networks covering a large geographic area are called wide area networks (WANs) .
Q2. Explain the advantages and the disadvantages of using the folowing networks in
busines:
a) Client/server networks?
Are the predominant information architecture of enterprisewide
computing, and they are how most, if not all, LANs are designed. In a client/
server network, end-user computing workstations are the clients .
b) Network computing?
network computing or network-centric concept views networks as the central computing resource of any computing environment.
c) Per-to-per networks?
The emergence of peer-to-peer (P2P) networking technologies and applications for the Internet is being hailed as a development that will have a major impact on e-business and e-commerce and the Internet itself.
Q3. How can Internet technologies help improve a proces in one of the functions of busines? Chose one example and evaluate its busines value.
business use of the Internet has expanded from an electronic information exchange to a broad platform for strategic business applications. Notice how applications such as collaboration among business partners, providing customer and vendor support, and e-commerce have become major business uses of the Internet.
Example : Suppliers Extranets for electronic commerce enable suppliers to assess inventory, replenish stock, and send documents over secure Internet links.
Q4. What are the functions of seven layers of OSI model?
• Layer 1: The physical layer. This layer conveys the bit stream through the network at the electrical and mechanical level. It provides the hardware means of sending and receiving data on a carrier.
• Layer 2: The data link layer. This layer provides synchronization for the physical level and does bit stuffing for strings of 1’s in excess of 5. It furnishes transmission protocol knowledge and management.
• Layer 3: The network layer. This layer handles the routing of the data (sending it in the right direction to the right destination on outgoing transmissions and receiving incoming transmissions at the packet level). The network layer does routing and forwarding.
• Layer 4: The transport layer. This layer manages the end-to-end control (e.g.,determining whether all packets have arrived) and error checking. It ensures complete data transfer.
• Layer 5: The session layer. This layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations,
exchanges, and dialogues between the applications at each end. It deals
with session and connection coordination.
• Layer 6: The presentation layer. This layer, usually part of an operating system, converts incoming and outgoing data from one presentation format to another (e.g., from a text stream into a pop-up window with the newly arrived text). It’s sometimes called the syntax layer.
• Layer 7: The application layer. At this layer, communication partners are identified, quality of service is identified, user authentication and privacy are considered, and any constraints on data syntax are identified. (This layer is not the application itself, although some applications may perform application layer functions.)
Q5. Transaction procesing systems are cros-functional information systems that process data resulting from the ocurence of busines transactions. Explain the diference betwen online procesing and batch procesing and give one example for each one.
Transaction processing systems (TPS) are cross-functional information systems that process data resulting from the occurrence of business transactions. We introduced transaction processing systems in Chapter 1 as one of the major application categories of information systems in business.
Online transaction processing systems play a strategic role in Web enabled businesses. Many firms are using the Internet and other networks that tie them electronically to their customers or suppliers for online transaction processing (OLTP).
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